International student visa status: F-1 explained
F-1 status is for international students pursuing a full-time academic program at a U.S. institution. The F-1 student visa is a non-immigrant visa that allows individuals to study at a U.S. university or college. As an F-1 student, your primary purpose is to pursue a full course of academic study that will result in the attainment of a degree or certificate.
The F-1 visa program provides opportunities for international students to experience U.S. culture and academia. Through this, one can expand their knowledge, develop professional skills, and build lasting connections. Your status is governed by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Key Documents:
- Form I-20: Issued by ƬƵ, this document certifies your eligibility to study in the U.S. and is required for your visa application and entry.
- F-1 Visa: A stamp in your passport issued by a U.S. embassy or consulate allowing you to enter the U.S.
- I-94 Record: Your arrival record, which is updated each time you enter the U.S and should state "F-1, D/S" (Duration of Status).
F-2 Dependents
F-1 students can also bring their spouses and minor children under 21 years of age to the U.S. under the visa. Below are some regulations that F-2 dependents must abide by.
- Legal Immigration Status: Maintain legal immigration status as long as the F-1 student maintains status throughout the program of study.
- Departure and Re-entry: Permitted to depart from and re-enter the U.S. with proper documentation.
- Employment: Not allowed to work.
- Social Security Numbers: Not eligible for Social Security Numbers.
- Study Opportunities: Permitted to engage in study at a SEVP-certified school, although enrollment should be less than a full course
Maintaining Legal Status
F-1 Requirements: As an F-1 student, you must maintain full-time enrollment, engage only in authorized activities and comply with all immigration regulations. Failure to do so may result in the termination of your visa status.
Full-Time Enrollment Requirements: F-1 Students must enroll in at least 12 credit hours per semester (undergraduate) or 6 credit hours (graduate) during and throughout Fall and Spring semesters at ƬƵ. Note that only one online course (or 3 credit hours) per semester may count toward the full-time enrollment requirement. Additional online courses are allowed only if the student is already meeting the fulltime requirement with in-person courses.
Exceptions:
Students in their final semester may be allowed a reduced course load with proper authorization from their DSO. Medical or academic hardship can also justify a temporary reduced course load, with DSO approval.
Reporting Changes to the OIE: F-1 students are required to promptly notify the OIE of any changes that may affect their SEVIS record. This includes changes to your academic program such as a new major, program level, transfer to another university, enrollment in courses at another institution, employment, or a reduction in course load. Additionally, any change of U.S. address must be reported to your DSO within 10 days of moving. These updates are federal requirements and must be properly recorded in the SEVIS system to maintain your lawful F-1 status.
Program Extension: If you need additional time to complete your degree, you must apply for a program extension before your I-20 expires. Speak with your DSO to start the process early.
Program Transfer: F-1 students who wish to transfer to another SEVP-certified school must request a SEVIS transfer. The transfer can be made during a school session, or within 60 days of completing your current program and before your new program starts. Contact the OIE for additional guidance on the transfer.
Grace Period: F-1 students are granted a 60-day grace period after completing their academic program or Optional Practical Training (OPT) to depart the U.S., transfer to another school, or change their visa status. During this time, employment is typically not permitted, unless under special circumstances. International travel during the grace period is generally not advised, as reentry to the U.S. on F-1 status is not guaranteed without valid documents such as an approved OPT and EAD (Employment Authorization Document). Students may, however, travel domestically within the U.S. during the grace period.
Withdrawal from ƬƵ: If you are considering withdrawing from ƬƵ University, it is important to understand the academic and immigration implications of this decision. As an F-1 international student, your immigration status is directly tied to your enrollment at ƬƵ. Withdrawing from the university without proper authorization and planning may lead to the loss of your lawful status in the U.S.
Steps to Withdraw:
- Meet with OIE: Before making any final decisions, schedule a meeting with the OIE. A DSO will explain how withdrawal affects your visa status and help you understand your options.
- Consult Academic and Financial Aid Advisors: You should also discuss your situation with your academic advisor and, if applicable, the Office of Financial Aid. They can guide you through the academic consequences and any financial responsibilities you may have.
- Submit an Official Withdrawal Request: Complete the necessary withdrawal forms through the Office of the Registrar. Your withdrawal is not official until all forms are submitted and approved.
- Plan for Departure or Change of Status: If you withdraw from ƬƵ, you must depart the U.S. within 15 days (for F-1 students on an authorized early withdrawal). Alternatively, transfer to another SEVP-approved school or apply for a change of status if eligible.
Important Reminders:
- Unapproved Withdrawal: If you leave ƬƵ without notifying the appropriate offices or fail to complete the required process, your SEVIS record may be terminated, and you could be considered out of status.
- Reinstatement: In some cases, if your status is terminated due to an unauthorized withdrawal, you may be eligible to apply for reinstatement. This process is complex, and reinstatement is not guaranteed.
If you have F-2 dependents, their status will also be affected by your withdrawal.